Citrus fruits: orange, lemon, mandarin and grapefruit

2000/03/01 Lorenzo, Arantza | Uranga, Ane Miren Iturria: Elhuyar aldizkaria

• Dietetika/Elikagaiak

These fruits from the Asian territories (India, southern China, etc.) were adapted without problems to the temperate and sunny climates of the Mediterranean. Today they are so well known among us.

As for its composition, the main component is water, with a few simple carbohydrates (sugars) and just fats and proteins. As the most important thing is its amount of vitamins and mineral salts, we will rely on it.

As already indicated, they are rich in vitamin C, which allows them to act as protectors against infectious diseases (respiratory diseases, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. ). They create defenses and antibodies against viruses and bacteria, strengthening the immune system. In addition, the antioxidant role of the mentioned vitamin cannot be forgotten. For example, nitrites and nitrates contained in smoked foods prevent it from becoming oxidizing nitrosamines, thus protecting from certain types of cancer. The citric acid that gives them its name, together with the vitamins and phlegoids of group B, affects the nervous system, accelerating the functions and reflexes of the brain. In addition, mineral salts present in citrus fruits (sodium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron and manganese) in addition to forming the body, help eliminate local toxins, cleaning the body. Therefore, we have stimuli for sport and all people with intense physical activity, as they facilitate fluid recovery, reduce thirst and increase physiological performance. The best known are lemon, orange, mandarin and grapefruit.

Lemon: Due to its acidity, it is easier to take as an accompaniment of various dishes than in its entirety or as juice mixed with water. But it has many uses: for its smell, to make perfumes and medicines for its components. Lemon is antiseptic (anti-infections), drying and cleansing.

Orange: Sweeter than lemon, ideal for eating in juices and whole. Some people think it would be the best food medicine that nature has put in our hands.

Mandarin: It has more water than other citrus fruits. For the correct tasting of its flavor they have a great influence, the composition of the soil that is planted, the form of cultivation and the collection process. The most remarkable thing is the number of jokes that help to bloom.

Grapefruit: This fruit is consumed mainly in the form of juice. It is quite acidic for those who are not used to its taste. This acidity produces bile.

To finish, remember that at least in winter it is advisable to include a citrus in the daily diet.